“
“OBJECTIVES: PPARg regulates bone metabolism and inflammation. Our previous study suggested PPARg Pro12Ala polymorphism

to represent a susceptibility factor for periodontitis in pregnant Japanese women. Several recent papers have drawn attention to a possible link between low bone mineral density (BMD) and periodontitis in postmenopausal women. Since the pathogenesis for both involve bone remodeling, they might share common risk factors such as gene polymorphisms and vitamin D level. The present study investigated possible associations between the PPARgPro12Ala polymorphism, periodontitis, BMD and serum 25(OH)D in postmenopausal Japanese women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: PPARgPro12Ala genotypes of 359 women were determined by PCR-RFLP. BMD and periodontal parameters of each woman selleck chemicals were measured. Serum 25(OH)D MAPK inhibitor levels were determined by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTS: PPARgPro12Ala polymorphism was not associated with periodontitis or BMD as an independent factor. Serum 25(OH)D was significantly higher in Ala allele carriers compared to non-carriers. Only in the Ala allele carriers,

positive correlations were found between mean clinical attachment level and BMD, between BMD and 25(OH)D, and between percentage of sites with probing depth >= 4 mm and 25(OH)D.

CONCLUSIONS: PPARgPro12Ala polymorphism was not independently associated with periodontitis or BMD. However, the polymorphism might

be a modulator of the relationship between the two conditions in postmenopausal Japanese women.”
“Two new indole alkaloids, tryptoquivalines P and Q, have been isolated from a marine-derived fungus Neosartorya sp.HN-M-3. Their FRAX597 mw structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods.”
“In the last half-decade or so, interest in the bacterial part of the human microbiome and its role in maintaining health have received considerable attention. Since 2009, over 300 publications have appeared describing the oral bacterial microbiome. Strikingly, fungi in the oral cavity have been studied exclusively in relation to pathologies. However, little to nothing is known about a role of fungi in establishing and maintaining a healthy oral ecology. In a healthy ecology, balance is maintained by the combined positive and negative influences between and among its members. Interactions between fungi and bacteria occur primarily at a physical and chemical level. Physical interactions are represented by (co-)adhesion and repulsion (exclusion), while chemical interactions include metabolic dependencies, quorum-sensing, and the production of antimicrobial agents. Information obtained from oral model systems and also from studies on the role of fungi in gastro-intestinal ecology indicates that fungi influence bacterial behavior through these different interactions.