01) and LVAD (p = 0.01) patients. Adjusted maximum oxygen consumption was higher for HTx patients (p = 0.05) relative to LVAD patients AZD8055 inhibitor at 8 +/- 1 months after implant.

CONCLUSION: HRQoL and exercise capacity increased in both groups over the time-course of the study. After adjusting for relevant variables, HTx patients showed a higher exercise tolerance compared with the LVAD group during follow-up. Thus, future large-scale intervention studies should emphasize the specific needs of these patient

cohorts. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011;30:204-10 (C) 2011 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. All rights reserved.”
“We investigate the effect of asymmetric grain boundaries (GBs) on the shock response of Cu bicrystals with molecular dynamics simulations. We choose a representative Sigma 3 < 110 > tilt

GB type, (110)(1)/(114)(2), and a grain size of about 15 nm. The shock loading directions lie on the GB plane and are along [00 (1) over bar] and [22 (1) over bar] for the two constituent crystals. The bicrystal is characterized in terms of local structure, shear strain, displacement, stress and temperature during shock compression, and subsequent release and tension. The shock response of the bicrystal manifests pronounced deviation from planar loading as well as strong stress and strain concentrations, due to GBs and the strong anisotropy in elasticity and Stattic plasticity. We explore incipient to full spallation. Voids nucleate either at GBs or on GB-initiated shear planes, and the spall damage also depends on grain orientation. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3506707]“
“Obesity is the result of the accumulation of excess body fat and not simply excess weight that can be muscle or fat. Adipocytes function in the adaptation to starvation, in exercise energetics, and in the immune defense against pathogens. Sustained positive energy balance results in excessive accumulation of adipocytes, which, in the abdomen, leads to chronic inflammation. Although informative studies have been performed see more with cultured adipocytes, an

integrative approach to the regulation of abdominal adipose tissue involves feedback from autocrine and paracrine effectors secreted by adipocytes, the immune system, and blood flow through adipose tissue. Numerous adipokines, chemokines, and cytokines feed back to other bodily systems to regulate both energy balance and immune function. Studies of the interactions of the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, as well as psychophysiological considerations of reward circuitry in the central nervous system, have shown a general adaptation to starvation that is opposed to those strategies being proposed for the prevention and treatment of obesity, ie, food restriction and increased physical activity.