S3N). KIAA0319 was expressed

in the SNC from P0 to adulthood ( Fig. 3O and Supplementary Fig. S3O). DCDC2 was weakly expressed in the SNC in adult only ( Fig. 3P and Supplementary Fig. S3P). In the SNR, FoxP2, FoxP1, CNTNAP2, and CMIP were sparsely expressed from P0 to adulthood ( Fig. 3J–M and Supplementary Fig. S3J–M). ROBO1, KIAA0319, and DCDC2 signals were sparsely observed from P0 to adulthood ( Fig. 3N–P and Supplementary Fig. S3N–P). In the IGP, FoxP2 and CMIP were highly expressed from P0 to adulthood ( Fig. 3S, U and Supplementary Fig. S3S, U), but FoxP1 was not expressed ( Fig. 3R and Supplementary RG 7204 Fig. S3R). CNTNAP2 was expressed at low levels from P0 to adulthood ( Fig. 3T and Supplementary Fig. S3T). ROBO1 was expressed from P0 to adulthood ( Fig. 3V and Supplementary Fig. S3V). KIAA0319 was weakly expressed in the IGP at P0 ( Fig. 3W), with reduced expression in adulthood ( Supplementary Fig. S3W). DCDC2 was weakly expressed in the IGP at P0 ( Fig. 3X), and had increased expression

in adulthood ( Supplementary Fig. S3X). CNTNAP2 was strongly expressed in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DC) at P0 and adulthood ( Fig. 4D and Supplementary Fig. S4D). CMIP hybridization signals were also found in the DC at P0 and Regorafenib adulthood ( Fig. 4E and Supplementary Fig. S4E). CMIP was not expressed in the granule cell layer of the cochlear nuclei (GrC) at P0 or in adulthood ( Fig. 4E and Supplementary Fig. S4E). A strong hybridization signal for ROBO1 was observed in the GrC, and a weak signal in the DC, at P0 ( Fig. 4F). ROBO1 hybridization signals were observed in the DC but not the GrC in adulthood ( Supplementary Fig. S4F). FoxP1 and DCDC2 were expressed at low levels in the DC at P0 and adulthood, but not expressed in the GrC at P0 or adulthood ( Fig. 4B, H and Supplementary Fig. S4B, H). FoxP2 hybridization

signals were not observed in the DC or GrC at P0 or adulthood ( Fig. 4C and Supplementary Fig. S4C). KIAA0319 was weakly expressed in the DC at P0 ( Fig. 4G) and not expressed in adulthood ( Supplementary Fig. S4G). Area- Phospholipase D1 and layer-specific expression patterns of the human speech- and reading-related genes were observed in the primary visual (V1) and secondary visual (V2) cortex (Fig. 5). FoxP1 was expressed in layers III–VI in both V1 and V2, with particularly strong hybridization signals in layers IV and V at P0. The FoxP1 expression pattern was different in adulthood than at P0. Specifically, FoxP1 expression was observed in layers II–VI in both V1 and V2 in adulthood ( Supplementary Fig. S5), with particularly strong expression in layers IVa, IVb, and IVc in V1, and in layer VI in both V1 and V2 ( Supplementary Fig. S5). FoxP2 hybridization signals were observed in layers V and VI in V1, and in layers IV, V, and VI in V2 at P0 ( Fig. 5). The FoxP2 signal at P0 in layer V of V2 was higher than in layer V of V1 ( Fig. 5).